The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) gave Caltech a public reprimand and penalties for allowing 30 academically ineligible student-athletes to participate in 12 sports between 2007 and 2011. The infractions happened because of the school’s system of “class shopping,” where students attend classes for three weeks at the beginning of a term before finalizing their class schedules. As a result, some student-athletes were not considered full-time students under NCAA rules when they took part in sports. Other student-athletes failed to meet good academic standing requirements. The NCAA found that Caltech lacked institutional control over its athletics program by failing to have procedures to verify the full-time enrollment status or academic standing of the student-athletes and by failing to provide rules education to its coaches, student-athletes and administrators. The penalties included a one-year ban on postseason play, three years of probation (July 12, 2012 to July 11, 2015), a one-year ban on off-campus recruiting, the vacating of some wins and individual records, and a $5,000 fine.